The Pastoral Epistles of Saint Paul
Talk by Metropolitan Jonah (Paffhausen), part 6, Romans chapter 5-6
October 19, 2021
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Topics include: 
Topics include many points on which Latin-based translations of the Greek have serious flaws:
(1) The wrath of whom? The Love of God which saves ungodly men (us!) from the wrath of the devil. Jesus did not save us from God, but from the kingdom of the devil, darkness, death, and sin.

(2) "Justified by his blood", "reconciled to God by the death of his Son". An understanding of the atonement that brings reconciliation (peace) with God from an Old Testament perspective. We are made holy and at peace with God by the sprinkling of Christ's blood, which was shed for us in the voluntary sacrifice of Christ. We partake of this sacrifice in the Holy Mysteries. 

(3) Death through sin or sin through death? Latin ideas of "original sin." Death entered the world through the sin of Adam, and that death has reigned between Adam and Christ. Death (and specifically the fear of it) is the cause of sin in all men. The Resurrection of Christ, and our death to sin and death and resurrection with Christ in Holy Baptism, brings in a new age of the reign of Life.

(4) "the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for" ... many or the many? Christ died for all men. The Calvanist doctrine of Christ dying for the elect only (particular atonement) is wrong. "Many" is some. "The many" is all.

(5) "For just as you once presented your members as slaves to impurity and to lawlessness leading to more lawlessness, so now present your members as slaves to righteousness leading to sanctification." "But now that you have been set free from sin and have become slaves of God, the fruit you get leads to sanctification and its end, eternal life." The new life in Christ (having been crucified with and resurrected with Christ in Holy Baptism) involves an active obedience to Christ in love by the power of the Holy Spirit.